Diabetes Management Quiz

A patient with type 1 diabetes is admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which initial intervention should the nurse prioritize?

• Administer intravenous insulin as prescribed.

• Start an oral hypoglycemic agent.

• Restrict fluid intake to reduce edema.

• Instruct the patient to increase carbohydrate intake.

A nurse is teaching a patient with type 2 diabetes about the management of hyperglycemia. What is the most important lifestyle modification to emphasize for controlling blood glucose levels?

• Regular physical exercise

• Avoiding all forms of carbohydrate intake

• Consuming large amounts of protein

• Skipping meals to reduce calorie intake

A patient with diabetes mellitus is prescribed metformin. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the patient regarding this medication?

• Take this medication with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects.

• It is important to take this medication on an empty stomach.

• You should monitor your blood pressure regularly while on this medication.

• This medication should be taken at bedtime for best results.

A nurse is assessing a patient with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus. Which laboratory test result would most likely confirm the diagnosis of diabetes?

• Fasting blood glucose level of 112 mg/dL

• Hemoglobin A1c level of 6.5% or higher

• Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) of 160 mg/dL

• Random blood glucose level of 150 mg/dL

A patient with type 2 diabetes is being discharged with a new insulin regimen. What key point should the nurse include in discharge teaching about insulin administration?

• Insulin should be injected into the same site for consistency.

• Rotate injection sites to prevent lipodystrophy.

• Refrigerate insulin vials even after opening them.

• Inject insulin only in the thigh to ensure proper absorption.

A patient with diabetes is experiencing hypoglycemia. Which action should the nurse take first?

• Administer 15 grams of a fast-acting carbohydrate.

• Provide a dose of long-acting insulin.

• Give a dose of oral glucagon.

• Check the patient's blood glucose level immediately.

A nurse is planning care for a patient with diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Which intervention is crucial to prevent further kidney damage?

• Monitor and manage blood glucose levels carefully.

• Increase the patient's protein intake to prevent malnutrition.

• Encourage the patient to drink large amounts of water daily.

• Administer medications to lower blood pressure as prescribed.

A patient with diabetes is advised to follow a diet high in fiber. What is the primary benefit of this dietary change?

• It helps control blood glucose levels.

• It increases caloric intake.

• It reduces the need for insulin.

• It prevents fluid retention.

A nurse is assessing a patient with diabetes who is complaining of blurred vision. What is the most appropriate initial action?

• Refer the patient for a comprehensive eye exam.

• Increase the patient's insulin dosage.

• Advise the patient to avoid driving until symptoms resolve.

• Encourage the patient to drink more fluids.

A patient with type 1 diabetes is planning to exercise. Which instruction should the nurse provide to ensure safe exercise?

• Check your blood glucose level before and after exercise.

• Avoid eating carbohydrates before exercising.

• Exercise only after taking your insulin dose.

• Limit exercise to no more than 10 minutes per session.