FAC Reasons for Exploration

a series of military campaigns by Isabella and Ferdinand of Spain to push Muslims out of Spain and unite the country as a nation state under their rule

• reconquista

• encomienda

• conquistador

• requerimiento

a document written by the Spanish government in 1510 that demanded that the conquered people of the Americas accept Spanish rule and Christian teachings, or face the possibility of enslavement, death, and subjugation. 

• reconquista

• encomienda

• conquistador

• requerimiento

What is a nation state?

• a sovereign territory with one group of individuals who share a common history

• a territory where all its people are led by the same government

• a government or politically organized society having a particular character

• a country in which the activities of the people are strictly controlled by the government with the help of a police force.

an ancient trade route that linked the Western world with the Middle East and Asia

• Silk Road

• Trans-Saharan Trade Route

• Amber Road

• Incense Route

an infection spread mostly to humans by infected fleas that travel on rodents, it killed millions of Europeans during the Middle Ages and resulted in a breakdown of the feudal system in Europe and the beginning of rights for average citizens

• small pox

• Black Plague

• Influenza

• dysentery

a social and political system prevalent in medieval Europe where essentially, people worked and fought for nobles who provided them with protection and land in return; peasants in this system had little freedom or rights

• feudalism

• caste system

• slavery

• absolutism

the head of the Roman Catholic Church, this person is considered the successor of St. Peter, the leader of the apostles. Catholics believe this person's authority, leadership, and teachings are a direct line back to Jesus and that he is infalliable

• Pope

• Monarch

• Bishop

• 
  Dalai Lama

a well-known Catholic method of exploitation in the Middle Ages in which one made a monetary payment to the Church in return forthe absolution of past sins and/or release from purgatory after death

• indefinitudes

• inducements

• indulgences

• indefensibles

A religious, political, and cultural movement that took place in Europe in the 16th century. In this movement, individuals broke away from the Catholic Church and led to the creation of new branches of Christianity. This movement caused hundreds of years of conflict between the Catholic Church and the new religions.

• Protestant Reformation

• Catholic Reformation

• Glorious Revolution

• Great Awakening

a 16th-century German theologian and monk who sparked the Protestant Reformation by publicly criticizing the Catholic Church's practices, particularly the selling of indulgences, through his "95 Theses," ultimately leading to the establishment of a new Protestant religion named after him

• Martin Luther

• John Calvin

• Henry VIII

• John Winthrope