Solar Energy Fundamentals

What are the standard test conditions (STC) for PV modules?

• 1000 W/m² irradiance, 25°C cell temperature, and AM 1.5 spectrum

• 800 W/m² irradiance, 20°C cell temperature, and AM 1.0 spectrum

• 1200 W/m² irradiance, 30°C cell temperature, and AM 2.0 spectrum

• 600 W/m² irradiance, 15°C cell temperature, and AM 1.2 spectrum

How does temperature affect PV voltage?

• Temperature increases PV voltage

• Temperature decreases PV voltage

• Temperature has no effect on PV voltage

• Temperature fluctuates PV voltage randomly

What does 10kWp stand for in the context of PV modules?

• 10 kilowatt peak

• 10 kilowatt power

• 10 kilowatt potential

• 10 kilowatt production

PV modules might produce less power than stated on the label under certain conditions because:

• They are not cleaned regularly

• They are installed at an incorrect angle

• They are exposed to high temperatures

• All of the above

The thickness of the atmosphere affects the amount of light that reaches the Earth's surface.

• True

• False

What is the significance of 1.5 Atmospheric Mass (AM) in PV module testing?

• It represents the air mass through which sunlight passes.

• It indicates the temperature at which the module operates.

• It measures the efficiency of the PV module.

• It denotes the thickness of the PV module.

Sunlight has less atmosphere to travel through at higher elevations because:

• The air is thinner at higher elevations

• The sun is closer at higher elevations

• There are fewer clouds at higher elevations

• The temperature is lower at higher elevations

Describe the relationship between the position of the sun in the sky and the amount of atmosphere sunlight has to travel through.

• The higher the sun, the less atmosphere sunlight travels through.

• The lower the sun, the less atmosphere sunlight travels through.

• The position of the sun does not affect the amount of atmosphere sunlight travels through.

• The higher the sun, the more atmosphere sunlight travels through.

What are the Standard Test Conditions (STC) for PV modules?

• 1000 W/m² irradiance, 25°C cell temperature, and AM 1.5 spectrum

• 800 W/m² irradiance, 20°C cell temperature, and AM 1.0 spectrum

• 1200 W/m² irradiance, 30°C cell temperature, and AM 2.0 spectrum

• 600 W/m² irradiance, 15°C cell temperature, and AM 1.2 spectrum

How does temperature affect the voltage of PV modules?

• Increases the voltage

• Decreases the voltage

• No effect on the voltage

• Fluctuates the voltage