Understanding Experimental Design and Variables

Which of the following is the first step in the scientific method?

• Conducting an experiment

• Formulating a hypothesis

• Making an observation

• Analyzing data

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DOK Level 1: Recall

In an experiment to test the effect of sunlight on plant growth, what is the independent variable?

• Amount of water given to the plants

• Type of soil used

• Amount of sunlight

• Growth of the plants

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?

• To provide a standard for comparison

• To ensure the experiment is valid

• To test multiple variables at once

• To increase the sample size

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DOK Level 1: Recall

In a study examining the effect of temperature on the solubility of a substance, what is the dependent variable?

• Temperature

• Type of substance

• Solubility of the substance

• Volume of solvent

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which of the following best describes a hypothesis?

• A proven fact

• A testable prediction

• A detailed procedure

• A collection of data

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DOK Level 1: Recall

In an experiment, if the hypothesis is not supported by the results, what should be the next step?

• Discard the experiment

• Modify the hypothesis and retest

• Publish the results

• Ignore the results

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

What is the role of data analysis in the scientific method?

• To formulate a hypothesis

• To draw conclusions from the experiment

• To conduct the experiment

• To make observations

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DOK Level 1: Recall

In an experiment to determine the effect of fertilizer on plant height, what is the dependent variable?

• Type of fertilizer

• Amount of fertilizer

• Height of the plants

• Type of plant

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which of the following is a characteristic of a well-designed experiment?

• It tests multiple variables at once

• It includes a large sample size

• It has no control group

• It is based on assumptions

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DOK Level 1: Recall

In a scientific experiment, what is the purpose of repeating trials?

• To increase the complexity of the experiment

• To ensure the results are consistent and reliable

• To test different hypotheses

• To reduce the time needed for the experiment

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept