The Ru School, Mo School, and Lao-Zhuang School

What does Confucius mean by the rectification of names?

• Correcting people's behavior to match their names.

• Ensuring that words and titles align with the proper social and moral order.

• Eliminating names from the social hierarchy.

• Changing names based on personal preferences.

According to Mengzi (Mencius), human nature is:

• Evil and selfish.

• Neither good nor bad, but neutral.

• Fundamentally good, with sprouts of virtue.

• Dependent on the environment.

According to Xunzi, the role of education is to:

• Nurture the inherent goodness in people.

• Suppress human nature's evil tendencies.

• Teach people to be independent of social rules.

• Help people find their individual paths.

According to Confucius, when names are not properly rectified, ​ (a)   will not be in accordance with the order of things.

• speech
• titles
• actions

For Mengzi, human nature contains the '​ (a)   ' that education nurtures into full virtues.

• sprouts
• emptiness
• needs

The Confucian virtue of ​​ (a)   refers to compassion, empathy, and the desire to do good for others.

• benevolence
• wisdom
• way
• duty

Confucius defined ​ (a)   as the virtue of knowledge and insight, guiding individuals to make correct moral choices.

• wisdom
• integrity
• benevolence
• wu-way (no action)

Confucius valued __________ as the virtue of moral righteousness and acting with moral duty, even when faced with challenges.

• wisdom

• filial piety

• integrity

• heaven

The Confucian virtue of ​ (a)   emphasizes respect and devotion to one’s parents and elders, forming the foundation of proper social relationships.

• filial piety
• self-cultivation
• benevolence
• righteousness

Xunzi believed that humans are born with selfish desires and only through ____ and ____ can they learn to act morally.

• education
• approval from others

• strict discipline

• compassion