Exploring Water's Unique Properties

What type of bond is primarily responsible for the unique properties of water?

• Ionic bond

• Covalent bond

• Hydrogen bond

• Metallic bond

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Which property of water allows it to stick to other substances?

• Cohesion

• Adhesion

• Surface tension

• Capillary action

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Explain how hydrogen bonding contributes to water's high specific heat capacity.

• Hydrogen bonds allow water to absorb heat without a significant change in temperature.

• Hydrogen bonds cause water to evaporate quickly.

• Hydrogen bonds make water a poor conductor of heat.

• Hydrogen bonds increase the density of water.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Which of the following best describes water's role as a solvent in biological systems?

• Water dissolves nonpolar substances easily.

• Water can dissolve ionic and polar substances due to its polarity.

• Water is a solvent only for gases.

• Water cannot dissolve any substances.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

How does water's high heat of vaporization benefit living organisms?

• It allows organisms to maintain a stable internal temperature.

• It causes rapid cooling of organisms.

• It prevents water from freezing.

• It increases the rate of chemical reactions.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Describe the process by which water moves up through the xylem in plants.

• Water moves up through the xylem due to gravity.

• Water moves up through the xylem by osmosis alone.

• Water moves up through the xylem due to capillary action

• Water moves up through the xylem by active transport.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

What is the effect of hydrogen bonding on the density of ice compared to liquid water?

• Ice is denser than liquid water.

• Ice has the same density as liquid water.

• Ice is less dense than liquid water.

• Ice density varies with temperature.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Why is water considered a polar molecule?

• It has a symmetrical shape.

• It has an equal distribution of charge.

• It has an uneven distribution of electrons between oxygen and hydrogen atoms.

• It has a neutral pH.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

How does water's polarity contribute to its effectiveness as a solvent?

• It allows water to form hydrogen bonds with nonpolar molecules.

• It enables water to dissolve only gases.

• It allows water to interact with and dissolve ionic and polar substances.

• It prevents water from dissolving any substances.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Evaluate the importance of water's cohesive and adhesive properties in the process of transpiration in plants.

• Cohesion and adhesion are not involved in transpiration.

• Cohesion and adhesion help water molecules stick together and to the walls of xylem vessels, facilitating upward movement.

• Only cohesion is important for transpiration.

• Only adhesion is important for transpiration.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking