What were the Crusades?

• A. a series of military campaigns Europeans launched against the Muslim world

• B. an attempt to expel all non-Christians from Europe

• C. a reawakening of intellectual curiosity in Europe

• D. a religious movement that rejected some Roman Catholic teachings

What was one major result of the Crusades?

• A. Islam spread into most of central Europe.

• B. Christianity became the dominant religion in the Middle East.

• C. Trade between Europe and the Middle East increased.

• D. Relations between Muslims and Christians improved.

How did political changes during the Renaissance increase Europe’s desire to explore?

• A. European leaders wanted to imitate the political systems of Asian nations.

• B. Strong monarchs sought ways to increase trade to make their nations wealthier.

• C. Refugees from newly conquered nations fled to establish colonies elsewhere.

• D. The disintegration of large nations into city-states made trade even more necessary.

What was the main goal of Portuguese explorers such as Bartolomeu Dias and Vasco da Gama?

• A. to gain firm control of the African slave trade

• B. to find a water route to Asia by sailing west

• C. to conquer wealthy Native American kingdoms

• D. to find a water route around Africa to Asia

Which explorer’s crew were the first people known to sail around the world?

• A. Cortés

• B. Balboa

• C. Magellan

• D. Columbus

What can you conclude from this map showing Spanish exploration of North America in the early 1500s?

• The Spanish concentrated their exploration in the Southwest and Southeast.

• The Spanish were not interested in exploring North America.

• The Spanish avoided areas explored and settled by other European powers.

• The Spanish were mainly interested in finding new water routes through North America to Asia.

Most mid-Atlantic colonies in the Americas were settled by the?

• French.

• Spanish.

• Dutch and English.

• Italians and Portuguese.

Explorers such as John Cabot, Jacques Cartier, and Henry Hudson wanted to find a direct water route from Europe to Asia because

• surprise military attacks against Asia would be easier to carry out.

• the effectiveness of new navigational technologies could be put to the test.

• they wanted to prove the Earth was round.

• such a route would make trade with Asia faster.

The global movement of people, goods, technology, and ideas that occurred during the 1600s was called the

• Columbian Exchange.

• Renaissance.

• Crusades.

• Reformation.

Which statement about the voyages of Christopher Columbus is accurate?

• He landed in Asia and India.

• Native peoples of the Americas began losing control of their lands.

• He wanted to circumnavigate the world.

• His voyages proved that the world was round.