Fundamentals of Cancer Biology

What are the specialized structures in the human body that perform tasks like breathing and digestion?

• Molecules

• Tissues

• Organs

• Cells

What is the primary cause of cancer?

• Virus infection

• Uncontrolled cell division

• Excessive exercise

• Lack of nutrients

What is the role of the nucleus in a cell?

• It provides energy

• It acts as the brain of the cell

• It transports nutrients

• It protects the cell

What are genes made of at a chemical level?

• DNA

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

What is a mutation?

• A type of cell division

• A form of cell death

• A change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA

• A process of nutrient absorption

What are proto-oncogenes responsible for?

• Making cells divide

• Stopping cell division

• Producing energy

• Repairing DNA

What is angiogenesis?

• The formation of new blood vessels to supply nutrients to tumors

• The division of cells

• The process of cell death

• The mutation of genes

What is metastasis?

• The death of cancer cells

• The formation of new cells

• The spread of cancer cells to distant parts of the body

• The process of cell repair

What is apoptosis?

• Cell mutation

• Programmed cell death

• Uncontrolled cell division

• Nutrient absorption

Why do cancer cells often evade apoptosis?

• They have stronger cell walls

• They receive more nutrients

• They lose the capability to undergo programmed cell death

• They are protected by the immune system