Key Concepts for the 2021 AP Environmental Science Exam

What term is used to describe the process of carbon storage in the environment?

• Photosynthesis

• Carbonation

• Respiration

• Sequestration

Which stage of the Demographic Transition Model is characterized by high birth and death rates?

• Stage IV

• Stage I

• Stage II

• Stage III

Which type of soil particle is the smallest and leads to less water infiltration?

• Sand

• Silt

• Clay

• Loam

What is a major environmental concern associated with urban runoff?

• Water contamination

• Air pollution

• Noise pollution

• Soil erosion

What is the primary environmental issue with fracking?

• Deforestation

• Ozone depletion

• Urban sprawl

• Seismic activity

What is the formula for calculating percent change as discussed in the video?

• New minus old divided by old times 100

• Old minus new divided by new times 100

• Old minus new divided by old times 100

• New minus old divided by new times 100

Which of the following is not a suggested mitigation strategy for nutrient pollution?

• Implementing green manure

• Enhanced nutrient removal in wastewater treatment

• Using more chemical fertilizers

• Planting cover crops

What is a positive feedback loop in the context of climate change?

• A process that stabilizes the climate system

• A process that amplifies the effects of climate change

• A process that decreases the effects of climate change

• A process that has no effect on climate change

What causes ocean acidification according to the video?

• Decrease in ocean salinity

• Dissolution of CO2 forming carbonic acid

• Increase in ocean temperatures

• Natural ocean currents

Which gas is not considered a concern for climate change due to its short residence time in the atmosphere?

• Water vapor

• Methane

• Nitrous oxide

• Carbon dioxide