Foundations of Psychology and Its History

The video explores the historical and cultural roots of psychology, highlighting key figures and schools of thought. It discusses the influence of cultural perspectives, such as indigenous psychology, and the impact of racial bias studies. The video covers major psychological schools, including structuralism, functionalism, psychoanalysis, and behaviorism, and examines 20th-century developments like humanistic and cognitive psychology. It concludes with a discussion on applied psychology, ethical considerations, and the importance of understanding psychology's history to shape a better future.

Why is it important to understand the history of psychology?

• To compare psychology with other sciences

• To memorize historical dates

• To understand the evolution of psychological theories

• To learn about famous psychologists

What is a key difference in how indigenous cultures view psychology compared to North American and European perspectives?

• Indigenous cultures separate mind and body

• Indigenous cultures do not study psychology

• Indigenous cultures integrate mind, body, and environment

• Indigenous cultures focus only on physical health

Who was the first black American to earn a PhD in Psychology?

• Dorothy Dix

• William James

• Francis Cecil Sumner

• Kenneth Clark

What school of thought did Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Titchener contribute to?

• Structuralism

• Behaviorism

• Psychoanalysis

• Functionalism

Which psychologist is often associated with the development of psychoanalysis?

• Max Wertheimer

• Ivan Pavlov

• Sigmund Freud

• B.F. Skinner

What did behaviorists like Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner focus on in their research?

• Cognitive processes

• Behavior and stimuli

• Sensory perception

• Unconscious mind

What technological advancement has helped cognitive psychologists study brain activity?

• X-ray

• CT scan

• Functional MRI

• Ultrasound

What was a common misconception about mental illness in the 17th and 18th centuries?

• It was caused by diet

• It was a moral failing

• It was a physical ailment

• It was a sign of intelligence

What is deinstitutionalization?

• The shift away from mental hospitals and asylums

• The increase in funding for mental health

• The creation of more mental hospitals

• The development of new psychiatric medications

What is transinstitutionalization?

• Moving patients from one hospital to another

• Patients receiving care in prisons and nursing homes

• Increasing the number of mental health institutions

• Providing outpatient care for all patients