Chapter 6

Organic compounds were originally defined as compounds that

• Contain carbon.

• Can be used as a medicine, fuel, or dye.

• Are made by living organisms that contain the “vital force.”

• Are grown without the use of pesticides and fertilizers.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of carbon that allows for the great variety of organic compounds?

• Carbon is able to form single, double, and triple bonds.

• Carbon is able to form strong bonds with other carbon atoms.

• Carbon possesses four valence electrons.

• Carbon has a larger atomic radius than other Group 14 elements.

Hydrocarbons are compounds made of carbon and _______________.

• Hydrogen

• Oxygen

• Water

• Either hydrogen, oxygen, or a halogen

Pentene, a hydrocarbon with a five-carbon chain, is an example of a _______________ hydrocarbon.

• Saturated

• Aromatic

• Substituted

• Unsaturated

• Cyclic

Which group of substituted hydrocarbons has a hydroxyl group?

• Alcohols

• Aldehydes

• Alkyl halides

• Ketones

Which substituted hydrocarbons might have a bromine atom in place of a hydrogen atom?

• Alcohols

• Aldehydes

• Alkyl halides

• Ketones

Which of the following represents a carbonyl group?

• C-O

• C=O

• O-H

• O=H

Fruits, vegetables, and grains are common sources of ________________.

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Fats

• Vitamins

Glucose, sucrose, and fructose are all examples of ______________.

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Lipids

• Vitamins

Which of the following does not state a difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

• Saturated fats have only single bonds between carbon atoms; unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds.

• Saturated fats are typically liquid at room temperature; unsaturated fats are typically a solid.

• Saturated fats generally come from animal sources; unsaturated fats generally come from plant sources.

• Saturated fats are referred to as fats; unsaturated fats are called oils.