Exploring Alkanes

What is the general formula for alkanes?

• CnH(2n+2)

• CnH2n

• CnH2n-2

• C(n-1)H(2n+1)

Describe the structural characteristics of alkanes.

• Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with the formula CnH2n+2, consisting of carbon atoms connected by single bonds.

• Alkanes consist of carbon atoms connected by double bonds.

• Alkanes are unsaturated hydrocarbons with the formula CnH2n.

• Alkanes have the formula CnH2n-2 and are known for their aromatic properties.

How do you name a straight-chain alkane with 5 carbon atoms?

• hexane

• butane

• propane

• pentane

What type of reaction do alkanes typically undergo?

• Neutralization reactions

• Synthesis reactions

• Decomposition reactions

• Combustion reactions

Explain the concept of isomerism in alkanes.

• Isomerism is a property exclusive to aromatic compounds, not alkanes.

• Isomerism in alkanes is the existence of compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures or arrangements.

• Isomerism in alkanes refers to the presence of different molecular formulas for the same compound.

• Isomerism in alkanes means that all alkanes have the same structural arrangement.

What is the difference between structural isomers and stereoisomers?

• Stereoisomers have the same connectivity and differ in molecular weight.

• Structural isomers differ in connectivity; stereoisomers differ in spatial arrangement.

• Structural isomers are always larger than stereoisomers.

• Structural isomers are a type of stereoisomer.

List two common uses of alkanes in everyday life.

• Food preservatives (e.g., butane)

• 1. Fuels (e.g., methane for heating) 2. Solvents (e.g., hexane in laboratories)

• Cosmetics (e.g., octane)

• Plastic production (e.g., polyethylene)

What products are formed during the complete combustion of alkanes?

• Carbon monoxide and hydrogen

• Oxygen and nitrogen

• Methane and ethane

• Carbon dioxide and water

How does the combustion of alkanes contribute to energy production?

• Alkane combustion is primarily used for chemical synthesis rather than energy.

• Alkane combustion produces carbon dioxide but no energy.

• The combustion of alkanes releases energy that can be used for heating, electricity generation, and powering engines.

• The combustion of alkanes absorbs energy from the environment.

What are the environmental impacts of alkane combustion?

• Alkane combustion produces only water vapor and oxygen.

• Alkane combustion is beneficial for air quality.

• The environmental impacts of alkane combustion include greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, and health risks.

• Alkane combustion has no impact on climate change.