What is the primary advantage of client-server architecture for a DBMS?

• Complexity in concurrency control

• Wider access to existing databases

• Increased network traffic

• High hardware costs

Which of the following is a disadvantage of file-server architecture?

• Reduced network traffic

• Concurrency control is simpler

• Copy of DBMS on each workstation

• Centralized application maintenance

What does a three-tier client-server architecture primarily address?

• Increased client-side administration overhead

• Scalability issues of the two-tier model

• Higher hardware requirements for clients

• Reduced performance

Which technology is NOT commonly associated with web services?

• HTML

• WSDL

• SOAP

• XML

What is a key characteristic of cloud computing?

• Fixed resource allocation

• On-demand self-service

• Limited network access

• Manual scaling

Which of the following is a service model in cloud computing?

• Database as a Service (DBaaS)

• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

• Storage as a Service (StaaS)

• Network as a Service (NaaS)

What does a distributed DBMS allow users to do?

• Avoid network connections

• Process data only on the central server

• Manage a single logical database

• Access only local data

Which component of a DBMS is responsible for query optimization?

• Query processor

• Transaction manager

• Catalog manager

• Buffer manager

What is the purpose of the recovery manager in a database manager?

• To ensure data integrity

• To optimize query execution

• To manage user permissions

• To maintain a consistent state during failures

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of cloud computing?

• Cost-reduction

• Improved security

• Scalability

• Increased control