Unit 2 Test: Foundations of American Government

In Ancient Greece, Athens had the first ___ which greatly influenced the US government.

• Republic
• Democracy
• Monarchy
• Dictatorship

Ancient Rome set up a ___ where citizens elected representatives to the Senate to rule.

• Dictatorship
• Monarchy
• Democracy
• Republic

According to John Locke, which rights were guaranteed by natural law?

• Trial by jury and no cruel punishments
• Freedom of speech and the press
• Life, liberty, and property
• Freedom of worship and the right to petition

Who wrote The Social Contract about the agreement between the people and the government in which people gave up some freedom in order to have their rights protected?

• Voltaire
• Baron de Montesquieu
• Jean Jacques Rousseau
• Thomas Hobbes

Which enlightenment thinker believed that a strong government is needed to keep order?

• Voltaire
• Thomas Hobbes
• Jean Jacques Rousseau
• Baron de Montesquieu

The Pilgrims created the Mayflower Compact in order to -

• oppose the king
• establish an orderly community and ensure survival
• declare independence
• guarantee universal religious tolerance in the colony

What pamphlet convinced many American colonists to support independence from Great Britain.

• Magna Carta
• Common Sense
• Declaration of Rights
• English Bill of Rights

Who was the main author of the Declaration of Independence?

• Benjamin Franklin
• John Locke
• Thomas Jefferson
• George Mason

According to the Declaration of Independence, what truth was “self-evident”?

• All men are created equal
• Rights are given by good kings
• Government exists to protect us from ourselves
• Only a democracy can protect our rights

John Locke believed that the government gets its right to govern from the people. This principle is included in the Declaration of Independence and can be considered -

• Popular Sovereignty
• Majority Rule
• Equal Protection
• Consent of the Governed