Where Do Chemical Elements Come From? page 2

What is the primary nuclear reaction in stars less massive than the sun?

• Hydrogen to helium conversion

• Helium to carbon conversion

• Carbon to oxygen conversion

• Iron to heavier elements conversion

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Understanding

In stars more massive than eight solar masses, up to which element can the chain reaction produce?

• Carbon

• Oxygen

• Iron

• Nickel

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Understanding

A star is a balancing act between gravity and ______ from nuclear reactions.

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Understanding

What happens when the core of a very massive star becomes pure iron nuclei?

• The star expands

• The core collapses

• The star cools down

• The core heats up

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Analyzing

The 's' process in stars involves the capture of ______ to form new nuclei.

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Applying

Newly formed nuclei can be different versions of a given element called _________

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NGSS.HS-PS1-8

An isotope are different versions of the same element with the same number of protons but have differentnumbers of ________.

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Analyzing

Nickel-64 and Nickel-65 are similar because they both contain 28 protons but

• nickel-64 contains 36 neutrons and nickel-64 contains 37 neutrons.

• nickel-64 contains 28 protons and nickel-65 contains 37 neutrons.

• nickel-64 contains 36 protons and nickel-65 contains 28 neutrons.

• nickel-64 contains 64 protons and nickel-65 contains 65 neutrons.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-8

Nickel-65 is radioactive and transforms into Copper-65 when a neutron of Nickel-65 transforms into a proton and an electron. This process is called

• "r" process

• "s" process

• supernova

• beta decay

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NGSS.HS-PS1-8

New elements are created during the explosion of a star. The nuclei of various elements captures neutrons that are released in the explosion. These elements then become the nuclei of the next element because a neutron will transform into a ________ and an electron.

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-3

NGSS.HS-PS1-8