Proteins and Amino Acids

What is protein?

• Proteins are simple sugars that provide energy.
• Proteins are vitamins that help in digestion.
• Proteins are minerals essential for bone health.
• Proteins are macromolecules composed of amino acids that perform various functions in living organisms.

Which of the following best describes the types of amino acids based on their side chains?

• polar, nonpolar, charged, and uncharged

• aromatic, aliphatic, sulfur-containing, and cyclic

• essential, non-essential, branched-chain, and polar

• hydrophobic, hydrophilic, basic, and acidic

What are essential amino acids?

• Amino acids that the body can produce on its own.
• Amino acids that are only found in animal products.
• Amino acids that are not necessary for human health.
• Essential amino acids are amino acids that must be obtained from food because the body cannot produce them.

Tags

CCSS.RI.11-12.4

What is the nutritional classification of amino acids?

• Amino acids are classified as saturated and unsaturated.
• Amino acids are classified as carbohydrates and proteins.
• Amino acids are classified as essential and non-essential.
• Amino acids are classified as vitamins and minerals.

What are the physical properties of amino acids?

• Amino acids are only found in animal proteins and not in plants.
• Amino acids are polar, can form zwitterions, vary in solubility, and have distinct melting points.
• All amino acids are soluble in water and have the same melting point.
• Amino acids are non-polar and do not form zwitterions.

What is the biomedical importance of amino acids?

• Amino acids are vital for protein synthesis, metabolism, neurotransmitter production, and overall health.
• Amino acids are only important for muscle growth.
• Amino acids are primarily used for energy storage.
• Amino acids have no role in enzyme function.

Tags

CCSS.RI.11-12.3

CCSS.RI.11-12.1

CCSS.RI.11-12.2

Which amino acid can synthesize niacin?

• Tryptophan

• Glycine

• Arginine

• Methionine

What is the role of glycine and cysteine?

• Synthesis of bile salts

• Synthesis of creatine

• Detoxification

• Synthesis of glutathione

What do glutamate, cysteine, and glycine synthesize?

• Bile salts

• Creatine

• Glutathione

• Histamine

What is formed from tryptophan?

• Serotonin

• Histamine

• Glutathione

• Melanin