The figure below shows a pictorial model of a highway bridge.

What is the primary structural action of A?

(What type of force is acting on the suspension cable?)

• compression

• torsion

• tension

• shear

A steel cable helps move an elevator from one floor to another, as shown in the diagram.

What is the primary type of stress on the cable above the elevator?

(What type of force is acting on the cable?)

• compression

• shear

• tension

• bending

The stones making an arch bridge are under ______ forces.

• tension

• compression

• bending

• shear

A simple beam bridge is made from a log spanning a small stream. The middle of the log is under what type of stress?

• tension

• compression

• shear

• bending

A wrench is tightening a bolt. What type of stress is the bolt experiencing?

• shear

• compression

• torsion

• bending

In the design process, a trade-off occurs when a problem is solved but a feature is sacrificed. Which of the following is an example of a trade-off?

• A car’s gas mileage is increased and the engine has less power.

• An airplane uses a more efficient engine and has higher performance.

• A sports drink’s taste is improved and has the same nutritional content.

• A computer company upgrades the hardware and the price remains unchanged.

One manufacturing technique involves gluing strips together to both shape them and strengthen them. This technique is called...

• lapidation

• corrugation

• lamination

• defenestration

Adding folds to a material can increase the strength of the material without adding weight. This technique is known as...

• welding

• corrugation

• gluing

• encapsulation

A factory needs to ship a pillow to a customer. Which is not an advantage of using a cardboard box over a wooden box?

• Cardboard boxes are lighter.

• Cardboard boxes are more durable.

• Cardboard boxes are cheaper.

• Cardboard boxes are easier to recycle.

The bar pictured was initially straight. When it was bent, the top surface experienced _______, while the bottom surface experienced _______.

• shear / torsion

• compression / tension

• tension / compression

• compression / shear