Marathon CFA 2 Practice

A student conducts an experiment on cellular respiration by mixing a teaspoon of dried yeast, water, and sugar in a test tube. The student then adds a layer of oil on top of the solution to prevent the entry of oxygen. After 4 hours, the student dips a pH strip into the solution in the test tube. The pH strip turns orange, indicating an acidic solution. Water has a neutral pH. The table shows the pH for different substances in water.

The experiment is repeated without using the oil layer and the pH strip still turns orange. Which reaction shows the change occurring in the test tube without the oil layer?

• Sugar + Oxygen → Lactic Acid + Alcohol

• Sugar + Oxygen → Alcohol + Carbon Dioxide

• Sugar + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water

• Sugar + Oxygen → Lactic Acid + Water

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

A student conducts an experiment on cellular respiration by mixing a teaspoon of dried yeast, water, and sugar in a test tube. The student then adds a layer of oil on top of the solution to prevent the entry of oxygen. After 4 hours, the student dips a pH strip into the solution in the test tube. The pH strip turns orange, indicating an acidic solution. Water has a neutral pH. The table shows the pH for different substances in water.

The oil layer causes what type of respiration and what is the product shown by the orange color on the pH strip?

• The oil layer causes the yeast to perform aerobic respiration, and the pH test shows the production of alcohol.

• The oil layer causes the yeast to perform anaerobic respiration, and the pH test shows the production of oxygen.

• The oil layer causes the yeast to perform aerobic respiration, and the pH test shows the production of lactic acid.

• The oil layer causes the yeast to perform anaerobic respiration, and the pH test shows the production of carbon dioxide.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

Examine the diagram that shows a container divided into sections by a semi-permeable membrane. What will happen to the container over time?

• Diffusion will not take place so the concentration of water and sugar will stay the same.

• The water will diffuse from section 2 into section 1 until the concentration of water is balanced.

• The water will diffuse from section 1 into section 2 until the concentration of water is balanced.

• The sugar will diffuse from section 2 into section 1 until the concentration of sugar is balanced.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

The diagram shows the exchange of gases between the cells in the alveoli of the lungs and the red blood cells in the capillaries. What process is taking place?

• active transport

• diffusion

• facilitated diffusion

• osmosis

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

A researcher claims that glucose is moved into cells by facilitated diffusion through the GLUT4 transporter. Based on the model, which statement BEST supports the researcher's claim?

• The movement of glucose across the membrane does not require ATP.

• Glucose moves from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.

• The glucose molecules diffuse freely through the membrane without a protein channel.

• Glucose provides energy for the protein channel to transport materials across the membrane.

Liver cells intake large amounts of glucose after a meal in response to insulin and convert it into glycogen. These cells are able to convert glycogen back to glucose, thereby increasing its concentration inside the liver cells. Under what circumstances does the liver cell convert glycogen back to glucose?

• when the level of glucose is low inside the cell

• when the level of glucose is high inside the cell

• when the level of glucose is low outside the cell

• when the level of glucose is high outside the cell

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Due to the dual nature of the phospholipid bilayer that makes up the cellular membrane, the membrane is selectively permeable to particular molecules and ions that need to enter or exit the cell. The selective nature of the membrane is based on the size and charge of the particles. Which of the following would be able to pass through the membrane by simple rather than facilitated diffusion?

• C₆H₁₂O₆

• CO₃²⁻

• Ca²⁺

• CO₂

For this item, enter the answer in the space provided. A group of biology students conduct an experiment to investigate the process of cellular respiration in yeast. The students prepare test tubes containing a yeast culture and a solution of one of five sugars: glucose, fructose, lactose, maltose, or sucrose. The students seal each test tube with a stopper and insert a tube into the stopper. The end of the tube is placed underwater in the bottom of an upside down jar. The gas produced by the yeast collects at the top of the jar, and its volume is measured. The students prepare a graph of the average volume of gas produced with each sugar over five trials, as shown. Which sugar is likely to produce the most gas?

• Glucose

• fructose

• lactose

• maltose

• sucrose

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

A group of biology students conduct an experiment to investigate the process of cellular respiration in yeast. The students prepare test tubes containing a yeast culture and a solution of one of five sugars: glucose, fructose, lactose, maltose, or sucrose. The students seal each test tube with a stopper and insert a tube into the stopper. The end of the tube is placed underwater in the bottom of an upside down jar. The gas produced by the yeast collects at the top of the jar, and its volume is measured. The students prepare a graph of the average volume of gas produced with each sugar over five trials, as shown

The students' teacher explains that the species of yeast used in the experiment conducts both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. The teacher asks the students to predict what will occur if a second experiment is conducted in which the yeast culture is deprived of oxygen. Their hypotheses are shown in the table. Enter the number of the student whose hypothesis would most likely be supported if the proposed second experiment is carried out.

• The yeast will be able to perform cellular respiration more efficiently than in the first experiment, so more gas will be produced.

• The yeast will be able to perform cellular respiration less efficiently than in the first experiment, so less gas will be produced.

• The yeast will die immediately due to lack of oxygen.

• The yeast will be able to perform cellular respiration, so the same volume of gas will be produced as in the first experiment.

• The yeast will not be able to perform cellular respiration, so no gas will be produced in any test tubes.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

A student creates a model to show an important biological process.

What can the student conclude based on an analysis of the model?

• Glucose is the primary product of photosynthesis.

• Glucose is the primary product of anaerobic respiration.

• Photosynthesis generates the most ATP from the breakdown of glucose.

• Aerobic respiration generates the most ATP from the breakdown of glucose.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

NGSS.HS-LS1-5