PHL152

Which of the following philosophers is not regarded as a member of the Rationalist school?

• Gottfried Leibnitz

• Rene Descartes

• Baruch Spinoza

• David Hume

In logic, we use arguments to convince others of our viewpoints. Which of the following statements does not hold true when we have a valid argument?

• The validity of the argument is determined by its structure

• The conclusion must logically follow the premises

• If the premises are all independently true, the conclusion must be true

• The conclusion may be true despite one or more of the premises being false

Methodological scepticism differs from philosophical scepticism. What is the main argument which is put forward by methodological scepticism?

• It denies all possibility of obtaining reliable knowledge

•  It argues that we should suspend judgement subject to more evidence being gathered

• It argues that beliefs are questionable and cannot be justified on the grounds of reality.

• It states that experience by itself is not sufficient evidence to determine the truth.

According to which moral theory will the community or group within which a person lives determine what is ‘right and wrong’?

• Cultural relativism

• Subjectivism

• Determinism

• Conventionalism

Which of the following statements does not represent the views of philosophers in the Existentialist movement?

• Every person is locked in by their past and should learn to make peace with it.

• Every person must take full responsibility for their own decisions.

• Every person has the freedom to choose how they want to live.

• Every person should strive to live authentically by finding purpose in their own life.

Which philosopher has used doubt to question all his previous beliefs and test them for logical consistency?

• Albert Camus

• Rene Descartes

• Martin Heidegger

• Immanuel Kant

Which of the following statements will describe your view if you are a compatibilist?

• Learning happens in the first place through rational thinking.

• Learning might come through our thinking or our senses.

• Learning is primarily a function of scientific research

• Learning can only come through our sensory experiences

Immanuel Kant has made the following statement: “So act as to treat humanity, whether in your own person or in another always as an end, and never only as a means.” What term did Kant use to describe this statement?

• A hypothetical imperative

• A universal imperative

• A categorical imperative

• A golden rule or imperative

Which of the following questions will be answered in epistemology?

• What is reality?

• What constitutes right and wrong?

• What is knowledge?

• What qualifies something to exist?

In philosophy the term consciousness plays an important role. Which of the following is not one of the meanings which is attached to a person’s consciousness?

• The knowledge we gain through introspection.

• The person’s phenomenal experience.

• The self-awareness of a person.

• The moral stance that a person takes.