Understanding Genetic Code

The video tutorial by Mr. Basics covers the genetic code, starting with an introduction to DNA and genes as genetic material. It explains the central dogma of molecular biology, detailing the processes of transcription and translation. The tutorial then delves into the genetic code, describing how codons encode amino acids and the concept of degeneracy. It also discusses the properties of the genetic code, such as non-ambiguity, non-overlapping, and its near universality across different organisms.

What is the primary function of DNA in genetic coding?

• To transport nutrients

• To encode proteins

• To provide structural support

• To store energy

How many genes does E. coli approximately have?

• 30,000

• 4,500

• 10,000

• 50,000

Who proposed the central dogma of molecular biology?

• Francis Crick

• Rosalind Franklin

• James Watson

• Gregor Mendel

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

• To replicate DNA

• To transport amino acids

• To form the ribosome

• To carry genetic information from DNA

How many codons are there in the genetic code?

• 20

• 64

• 32

• 128

What is the term for a single amino acid being coded by multiple codons?

• Ambiguity

• Redundancy

• Multiplicity

• Degeneracy

Which codon is typically a start codon?

• UAG

• AUG

• UAA

• UGA

What is the nature of the genetic code that ensures no extra nucleotides are between codons?

• Overlapping

• Comma-less

• Degenerate

• Ambiguous

In which organisms is the genetic code nearly universal?

• Only in humans

• Only in bacteria

• In all mammals

• In humans, bacteria, plants, and amphibians

Where are exceptions to the universal genetic code found?

• In all plants

• In all prokaryotes

• In mitochondrial genomes and some bacteria

• In all eukaryotes