World History Standard 13

Who proposed the heliocentric model of the universe, which placed the Sun at the center rather than the Earth?

• Galileo Galilei

• Johannes Kepler

• Nicolaus Copernicus

• Isaac Newton

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Which Enlightenment thinker is known for the idea of the social contract, which influenced modern political systems?

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Thomas Hobbes

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Describe how Galileo's use of the telescope contributed to the scientific revolution.

• It allowed him to prove the Earth was flat.

• It enabled him to discover the moons of Jupiter, supporting the heliocentric model.

• It helped him to map the entire universe.

• It was used to predict weather patterns.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Explain how John Locke's ideas about natural rights influenced modern democratic governments.

• They led to the establishment of monarchies.

• They were used to justify the divine right of kings.

• They formed the basis for the Declaration of Independence and the concept of individual rights.

• They promoted the idea of a single-party state.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Analyze the impact of Kepler's laws of planetary motion on the scientific community of his time.

• They were ignored by most scientists.

• They provided a mathematical basis for the heliocentric model, challenging the geocentric view.

• They confirmed the geocentric model.

• They were only applicable to Earth.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

Evaluate the influence of Voltaire's advocacy for freedom of speech on modern society.

• It led to the suppression of free press.

• It had no significant impact.

• It laid the groundwork for the First Amendment rights in the United States.

• It was only relevant in France.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

What was Isaac Newton's major contribution to the scientific revolution?

• The invention of the telescope.

• The formulation of the laws of motion and universal gravitation.

• The discovery of the heliocentric model.

• The development of the theory of relativity.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Identify the Enlightenment thinker who argued for the separation of powers in government.

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Montesquieu

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DOK Level 1: Recall

Discuss how the scientific contributions of Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, and Newton collectively changed the European worldview.

• They reinforced the geocentric model.

• They led to the acceptance of the heliocentric model and the development of modern physics.

• They had no impact on the European worldview.

• They were only relevant to religious studies.

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DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Critique the role of Enlightenment ideas in shaping modern political and social structures.

• They had a negative impact on society.

• They were irrelevant to modern political systems.

• They provided the foundation for democratic principles and human rights.

• They only influenced art and literature.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking