Genetic factors in periodontal disease

1. Which of the following genes is most commonly associated with susceptibility to aggressive periodontitis?

• IL-10

• IL-1

• TNF-α

• MMP-9

2. Genetic polymorphisms in which gene are often linked to an increased inflammatory response in periodontitis?

• IL-6

• IL-4

• IL-1β

• TGF-β

3. Which of the following best describes the role of genetic factors in periodontal disease?

• Genetic factors are the sole cause of periodontal disease.

• Genetic factors play no role in the development of periodontal disease.

• Genetic factors contribute to susceptibility, but environmental factors are also important.

• Genetic factors only affect the outcome of treatment but not disease susceptibility.

4. Which gene variation has been associated with increased matrix metalloproteinase activity in periodontal disease?

• MMP-9

• MMP-1

• MMP-8
  

• MMP-2

5. Which of the following is true regarding the role of genetic testing in periodontal disease?

• Genetic testing can predict periodontal disease with 100% accuracy.
  

• Genetic testing is not useful in predicting periodontal disease susceptibility.

• Genetic testing can help identify individuals at higher risk but is not definitive.

• Genetic testing is only useful for diagnosing existing periodontal disease.