11-1 Thinking and Language

In the blank, indicate whether the statement is true (T) or false (F). Thinking is the expression of ideas through symbols and sounds.

• True

• False

In the blank, indicate whether the statement is true (T) or false (F). Imaging is an effective way of thinking about concepts.

• True

• False

In the blank, indicate whether the statement is true (T) or false (F). A mystery writer who decides the ending of the story, then works backward to devise a plot that will lead to the desired conclusion, is using a subgoal to solve a problem.

• True

• False

In the blank, indicate whether the statement is true (T) or false (F). One kind of rigidity in thinking is that people look for direct methods of solving problems and do not see solutions that may involve several steps.

• True

• False

In the blank, indicate whether the statement is true (T) or false (F). Daydreams and fantasies are forms of convergent thinking.

• True

• False

Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. The most common _______________ in thinking are _______________.

• A. rules; concepts

• B. symbols; words

• C. concepts; rules

• D. rules; prototypes

Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. In order of increasing complexity, the units of thought are

• A. concepts, images, and words.

• B. prototypes, images, symbols, concepts, and rules.

• C. concepts, insights, and words.

• D. images, symbols, concepts, prototypes, and rules.

Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. According to the theory of linguistic relativity, a person’s _______________ influences his or her _______________.

• A. relatives; language

• B. decision-making; reasoning

• C. reasoning; language

• D. language; thoughts

Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Skinner believed that language developed as a result of _______________ and Chomsky believes that the ability to acquire language is _______________.

• A. thinking; outgrown

• B. necessity; rare

• C. repetition; learned

• D. reinforcement; innate

Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. The ability to use information in such a way that the result is something new, original, and meaningful is called

• A. recombination.

• B. creativity.

• C. flexibility.

• D. insight.