Understanding the Multi Store Model

What are the three main components of the multi-store model of memory?

• Sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory

• Sensory memory, working memory, procedural memory

• Short-term memory, working memory, episodic memory

• Long-term memory, procedural memory, semantic memory

Answer explanation

The multi-store model of memory consists of three main components: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. This model illustrates how information is processed and stored in different stages.

Who proposed the multi-store model of memory?

• Sigmund Freud

• B.F. Skinner

• Atkinson and Shiffrin

• Jean Piaget

Answer explanation

The multi-store model of memory was proposed by Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin in 1968. It describes memory as consisting of three stores: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

In the multi-store model, how is information transferred from sensory memory to short-term memory?

• Through rehearsal

• Through attention

• Through encoding

• Through retrieval

Answer explanation

In the multi-store model, information is transferred from sensory memory to short-term memory primarily through attention, which allows selective focus on certain stimuli, facilitating their encoding into short-term memory.

What is the typical duration of short-term memory according to the multi-store model?

• 1-2 seconds

• 15-30 seconds

• 1-2 minutes

• 5-10 minutes

Answer explanation

According to the multi-store model, short-term memory typically lasts for 15-30 seconds. This duration allows for the temporary storage of information before it is either forgotten or transferred to long-term memory.

Which process is primarily responsible for transferring information from short-term memory to long-term memory?

• Retrieval

• Encoding

• Attention

• Rehearsal

Answer explanation

Rehearsal is the process of repeatedly practicing or reviewing information, which helps transfer it from short-term to long-term memory. This makes it the primary mechanism for encoding memories effectively.

What is the capacity of short-term memory as suggested by the multi-store model?

• 3-5 items

• 5-9 items

• 10-15 items

• 15-20 items

Answer explanation

The multi-store model suggests that short-term memory can hold 5-9 items, often referred to as Miller's Law. This range indicates the typical capacity for information retention in short-term memory.

Which type of memory is responsible for holding information for a fraction of a second in the multi-store model?

• Short-term memory

• Long-term memory

• Sensory memory

• Working memory

Answer explanation

Sensory memory is responsible for holding information for a fraction of a second, capturing brief sensory impressions before they are processed further. This makes it the correct choice in the multi-store model.

What is a key limitation of the multi-store model of memory?

• It does not account for the role of attention

• It oversimplifies the process of memory storage

• It ignores the existence of sensory memory

• It suggests unlimited capacity for short-term memory

Answer explanation

The multi-store model oversimplifies memory storage by presenting it as a linear process, failing to capture the complexities of how information is processed and stored in different types of memory.

What is the primary function of rehearsal in the multi-store model of memory?

• To encode information into sensory memory

• To maintain information in short-term memory

• To retrieve information from long-term memory

• To transfer information to working memory

Answer explanation

The primary function of rehearsal in the multi-store model of memory is to maintain information in short-term memory. Rehearsal helps keep information active and prevents it from fading away.

How does the multi-store model explain the forgetting of information from short-term memory?

• Decay and displacement

• Interference and retrieval failure

• Encoding failure and decay

• Displacement and retrieval failure

Answer explanation

The multi-store model explains forgetting in short-term memory through decay, where information fades over time, and displacement, where new information pushes out old information, leading to loss of previously stored data.