Corse Q2

The insulin receptor is what class of receptor?

• Ligand-gate channel

• Cytoplasmic

• Nuclear

• Receptor enzyme

• Tyrosine kinase

What type of G-protein is found within the Insulin cascade?

• G-gamma

• G-alpha-i

• G-alpha-s

• Ras

• G-alpha-q

Which second messenger is associated with insulin?

• PIP3

• Ca++

• IP3

• cAMP

• DAG

Which two of the following are associated with increased PKB concentrations?

• Upregulation of Glut4 transporters in fat and muscle cells

• Release of glucose from the liver

• Increased glycogen synthesis in liver and muscle

• Increased phosphorylation of many proteins

Which two second messengers directly activate PKC?

• Ca++

• DAG

• IP3

• cGMP

• PIP3

IP3 does which of the following?

• Activates protein kinase A

• Releases calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum

• Inhibits adenylate cyclase

• Activates phospholipase C

What is the primary function of insulin in the body?

• Increase blood glucose levels

• Decrease blood glucose levels

• Stimulate glucagon release

• Inhibit protein synthesis

Which enzyme is directly activated by PIP3 in the insulin signaling pathway?

• Protein kinase A (PKA)

• Protein kinase B (PKB/Akt)

• Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3)

• Phospholipase C (PLC)

Which of the following is a direct effect of insulin on muscle cells?

• Inhibition of glucose uptake

• Stimulation of protein synthesis

• Activation of gluconeogenesis

• Decrease in fatty acid uptake

What is the role of GLUT4 in insulin signaling?

• It is a glucose transporter that increases glucose uptake in response to insulin.

• It is an enzyme that breaks down glucose.

• It is a receptor that binds insulin.

• It is a protein that inhibits insulin signaling.