Diabetes

Which of the following is the most common cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

• Autoimmune destruction of beta cells

• Insulin resistance

• Genetic mutations affecting insulin receptors

• Viral infection of the pancreas

Which type of diabetes is typically associated with an autoimmune attack on the pancreatic beta cells?

• Type 1 diabetes

• Type 2 diabetes

• Gestational diabetes

• MODY (Maturity-onset diabetes of the young)

In type 2 diabetes, the body primarily develops resistance to the action of which hormone?

• Glucagon

• Insulin

• Epinephrine

• Cortisol

What is the primary treatment approach for type 1 diabetes?

• Insulin therapy

• Oral hypoglycemics

• Dietary changes

• Weight loss

Which of the following is a common complication of uncontrolled diabetes?

• Neuropathy

• Hypertension

• Osteoporosis

• Asthma

What role does the hormone glucagon play in blood sugar regulation?

• It lowers blood sugar levels

• It raises blood sugar levels

• It has no effect on blood sugar

• It converts glucose to glycogen

The classic triad of symptoms in uncontrolled diabetes includes:

• Hypertension, weight gain, fatigue

• Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia

• Weight loss, frequent infections, hair loss

• Abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea

Obesity contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes primarily by:

• Reducing insulin production

• Increasing insulin resistance

• Decreasing appetite

• Enhancing glucose absorption in the intestines

Gestational diabetes refers to:

• Diabetes caused by a genetic defect

• Diabetes that occurs during pregnancy

• Diabetes caused by excessive glucagon secretion

• Diabetes that results from pancreatic cancer

Which of the following hormones is known to raise blood glucose levels and can oppose the action of insulin?

• Insulin

• Glucagon

• Ghrelin

• Thyroxine