2025 Textbook Only Quiz on Enlightenment pp. 634-639

What did revolutionary leaders argue about political authority?

• It should reside in kings

• It should be based on wealth

• It should come from the people

• It should be inherited

What was abolished in France as a result of revolutionary ideas?

• The Parliament

• The Monarchy

• The Church

• The Army

Who was known for establishing a science of politics during the Enlightenment?

• John Locke

• Adam Smith

• Charles Louis de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu

• François-Marie Arouet (Voltaire)

What did the Enlightenment encourage in terms of religion?

• A return to traditional religious values

• The replacement of Christian values with secular values

• The establishment of a new religious order

• The promotion of religious wars

What did the philosophes believe about natural science?

• It would lead to chaos and disorder.

• It would lead to individual freedom and a prosperous society.

• It was irrelevant to human affairs.

• It should be rejected in favor of religious teachings.

What was the impact of the Enlightenment on European thought?

• It reinforced traditional religious values.

• It encouraged political and social reform.

• It led to the decline of scientific inquiry.

• It promoted the divine right of kings.

Who is known for the idea of the social contract and government by consent?

• Voltaire

• Montesquieu

• John Locke

• Adam Smith

What was the Enlightenment's view on progress?

• Progress was seen as impossible.

• Progress was seen as a constant and achievable goal.

• Progress was irrelevant to human affairs.

• Progress was a threat to society.

Who was a prominent advocate of political equality during the Enlightenment?

• John Locke

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Voltaire

• Thomas Hobbes

What did philosophers like Voltaire advocate for?

• Religious tolerance and freedom of expression

• Absolute monarchy

• Military rule

• Economic equality