1 Age of Exploration

A Spanish colonial system in which Spanish settlers were granted the right to extract labor and tribute from indigenous people in exchange for providing protection and religious instruction.

• Astrolabe

• Caravel

• Circumnavigate

• Encomienda

A small, highly maneuverable sailing ship developed by the Portuguese in the 15th century. It was used for long voyages and was essential for exploration during the Age of Discovery.

• Astrolabe

• Caravel

• Circumnavigate

• Encomienda

Financial assistance provided by governments to support businesses or industries, often to help them compete in international markets or to promote economic growth.

• Conquistador

• Viceroys

• Mercantilism

• Subsidies

An economic theory and practice prevalent in Europe from the 16th to the 18th century, which advocated for accumulating wealth through trade, with a nation's power being measured by its stock of gold and silver. It involved controlling colonies and maximizing exports over imports.

• Conquistador

• Viceroys

• Mercantilism

• Subsidies

An economic system characterized by private ownership of the means of production, free markets, and the pursuit of profit. Under capitalism, investment decisions are made by private individuals or corporations rather than by the state.

• Capitalism

• Plantations

• Encomienda

• Mercantilism

Businesses where shares of the company's stock can be bought and sold by shareholders. These companies were instrumental in funding large-scale colonial expeditions and trade ventures, particularly during the Age of Exploration.

• Encomienda

• Joint-Stock Companies

• Plantations

• Mercantilism

A crucial navigational tool used by explorers, sailors, and astronomers to measure the angle between two visible objects, such as the horizon and a celestial body (like the sun or stars).

• Sextant

• Carvel

• Triangle sails

• Square sails

What does the act of kowtowing traditionally involve?

• Waving at the Emperor

• Kneeling and touching one’s head to the ground 9 times

• Shaking hands firmly

• Offering a verbal greeting

What was tribute commonly used for during the Age of Exploration?

• Payment for goods sold

• A sign of respect or submission, like an extra tax

• A fee for safe passage through unknown territories

• None of the above

Led 7 voyages for China, under the Ming Dynasty

• Zheng He

• Hongwu

• Yonglo

• Shogun