Anatomy of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems - Lesson 5

Which of the following statements correctly describes the anatomical course and relations of the femoral artery in the lower limb?

• The femoral artery gives off the obturator artery before entering the subsartorial canal and terminates within the deep femoral compartment.

• The femoral artery runs posterior to the adductor magnus and supplies the gluteal region via direct perforating branches.

• The femoral artery is a terminal branch of the internal iliac artery and passes anterior to the inguinal ligament before descending into the popliteal fossa.

• The femoral artery enters the adductor canal after passing through the apex of the femoral triangle and continues posteriorly through the adductor hiatus to become the popliteal artery.

Which of the following correctly describes the anatomical content and boundaries of the adductor (Hunter’s) canal through which the femoral artery passes?

• The adductor canal lies between the quadriceps and gracilis muscles and transmits only the deep femoral artery and great saphenous vein.

• The adductor canal begins at the inguinal ligament and ends at the lower border of the sartorius muscle, carrying the obturator and femoral arteries.

• The adductor canal runs along the posterior thigh and serves as the passageway for the popliteal artery and tibial nerve.

• The adductor canal extends from the apex of the femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus and contains the femoral artery, femoral vein, saphenous nerve, and nerve to vastus medialis.

Which of the following veins is a direct tributary of the brachiocephalic vein and drains the anterior thoracic wall and pericardium?

• Internal jugular vein

• Internal thoracic vein

• Posterior intercostal vein

• External jugular vein

Which of the following statements correctly distinguishes the deep and superficial venous systems of the limbs?

• The deep venous system is responsible only for thermoregulation, while the superficial system ensures the return of most venous blood to the heart.

• The superficial veins are located deep to the investing fascia and drain directly into the internal iliac veins without perforating connections.

• The deep veins lack valves, are not paired with arteries, and run independently within the muscular compartments of the limb.

• The superficial veins lie in the subcutaneous tissue and include veins such as the great and small saphenous, whereas the deep veins accompany arteries of the same name and are connected to the superficial system via perforating veins.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the drainage pattern of the internal jugular vein?

• The internal jugular vein receives blood from superficial scalp veins and empties directly into the superior vena cava.

• The internal jugular vein runs superficial to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and connects with the vertebral vein in the jugular notch.

• The internal jugular vein joins the external jugular vein to form the common carotid vein near the level of the cricoid cartilage.

• The internal jugular vein collects blood from dural venous sinuses and deep structures of the face and neck, and joins the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic vein.