Conditioning and Learning Concepts

What is the finding in classical conditioning that suggests no conditioning occurs to a stimulus if it is combined with a previously conditioned stimulus during conditioning trials?

• Conditioned response
• Unconditioned stimulus
• Extinction effect
• Blocking effect

What is classical conditioning?

• A process where behavior is modified through reinforcement.
• A method of teaching that involves rewards and punishments.
• Classical conditioning is a learning process where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus, leading to a conditioned response.
• A type of learning that occurs through observation and imitation.

What is a conditioned response (CR)?

• A conditioned response (CR) is a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus.
• A conditioned response is an unlearned reflex to a stimulus.
• A conditioned response is a response that occurs without any prior experience.
• A conditioned response is a reaction to a stimulus that is always the same.

What is a conditioned stimulus (CS)?

• A conditioned stimulus is an unconditioned stimulus that triggers a response.
• A conditioned stimulus (CS) is a neutral stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus, elicits a conditioned response.
• A conditioned stimulus is a response that occurs without prior learning.
• A conditioned stimulus is a stimulus that always elicits a reflexive response.

What is a discriminative stimulus in operant conditioning?

• A discriminative stimulus signals the availability of reinforcement or punishment for a behavior.
• A discriminative stimulus is unrelated to behavior outcomes.
• A discriminative stimulus is a punishment for unwanted behavior.
• A discriminative stimulus is a type of reinforcement.

What is extinction in the context of learned behavior?

• Extinction is the reduction of a learned behavior when reinforcement is no longer given.
• Extinction is the process of reinforcing a learned behavior.
• Extinction occurs when a behavior is rewarded more frequently.
• Extinction is the immediate increase in a learned behavior after reinforcement.

What is instrumental conditioning?

• A method of learning that only involves observation.
• A process where behaviors are learned through imitation without consequences.
• A type of conditioning that focuses solely on verbal communication.
• Instrumental conditioning is a learning process where behaviors are modified by their consequences, involving reinforcement and punishment.

What is the law of effect?

• The law of effect is a principle stating that behaviors followed by positive outcomes are strengthened, while those followed by negative outcomes are weakened.
• The law of effect indicates that behaviors are random and unpredictable.
• The law of effect states that all behaviors are equally reinforced, no matter the outcome.