Lesson 10: OpenSciEd® 6.2 Thermal Energy

What did Joule observe when the weight fell quickly?

• The paddle spun faster and the temperature increased quickly.

• The paddle stopped spinning.

• The temperature of the water decreased.

• Water started to boil.

How did the temperature of the water change when the weight fell slowly?

• The temperature of the water increased slowly

• The temperature decreased rapidly

• The paddle stopped spinning

• The water froze

What was one of the key conclusions from Joule’s experiment?

• Movement of liquids causes temperature changes.

• Heat cannot be measured accurately.

• Movement of liquids doesn’t affect temperature.

• Water does not change temperature through movement.

What does Joule’s experiment help us understand about liquids in machinery?

• They can heat up due to movement and friction.

• They cool down when they move.

• They remain at a constant temperature.

• They lose energy as they move.

What could we see at the particle scale when looking closely at hot and iced tea?

• Particles in hot tea move faster than in iced tea.

• Particles in iced tea are larger than in hot tea.

• Particles in hot tea are all connected together.

• There are no particles in either hot or iced tea.

What would happen if we zoomed in to a cup of hot water at 0 minutes and at 30 minutes?

• Particles would be moving fastest at 0 minutes.

• Particles would form solid shapes after 30 minutes.

• The particles would stop moving after 30 minutes.

• The particles would all move to the top after 30 minutes.

What happens to the particles in a cup of ice-water left at room temperature over time?

• The particles gain energy and move faster.

• The particles lose energy and move slower.

• The particles remain at the same energy level.

• The particles disappear completely.

What did James Joule’s experiment demonstrate about the relationship between movement and temperature of water?

• Movement increases the water temperature.

• Movement freezes the water.

• Movement cools the water.

• Movement does not affect temperature.

How can we observe particles moving in plain water?

• We can add food coloring to visualize the motion.

• We can remove all water particles first.

• We can heat it until it turns solid.

• We can freeze it and then watch it thaw.

What is the difference between hotter and colder liquids?

• The particle movement is faster in hot liquids and slower in cold liquids.

• Hot liquids have larger particles than cold liquids.

• Hot and cold liquids have the same particle movement.

• Cold liquids have more particles than hot liquids.