ENG 220 LESSON 1

Translation theory is a branch of which field?

• Applied Linguistics

• Comparative Linguistics

• Sociolinguistics

• Computational Linguistics

Translation is performed in which direction?

• From TL to SL

• From SL to TL

• Either direction

• Both directions simultaneously

What is the primary goal of translation theory?

• To create identical texts in two languages

• To develop universal grammar rules

• To provide principles and approaches for translation

• To find all equivalent words

According to J.C. Catford, translation involves the replacement of:

• Entire concepts

• Textual material in one language by equivalent material in another

• Sounds only

• Cultural elements only

Peter Newmark defined translation as a process of:

• Word-for-word replacement

• Adapting cultural references

• Transferring a message from one language to another as intended by the author

• Changing grammar structures

What is a central problem in translation practice?

• Developing new languages

• Finding equivalent grammar structures

• Determining translation equivalence

• Memorizing vocabulary

A "full translation" involves:

• Only the main ideas of the source text

• Translating the entire source text

• Partial translation with omissions

• Free translation only

In a "partial translation," some parts of the source text are:

• Transferred without translation

• Fully translated

• Ignored completely

• Written in a new dialect

In a "total translation," the replacement occurs at:

• Only one level

• Every level including grammar and lexis

• Only the phonological level

• Only for technical texts

Which type of translation focuses on sound replacement in the target language?

• Phonological Translation

• Graphological Translation

• Literal Translation

• Free Translation