Hypothesis, Variables, & Objectives

What is a hypothesis?

• A testable prediction about the relationship between variables

• A summary of research findings

• A type of research design

• A method of data collection

What does the Null Hypothesis (H₀) suggest?

• There is a correlation between variables

• There is a causal relationship

• There is no relationship between variables

• There is a significant relationship between variables

Which of the following is an example of a dependent variable?

• Dietary habits

• Weight loss

• Type of exercise

• Frequency of exercise

What is the purpose of a work plan in research?

• To define research objectives

• To schedule research activities

• To outline the budget

• To collect data

What type of variable is manipulated in an experiment?

• Control variable

• Independent variable

• Dependent variable

• Extraneous variable

What is a confounding variable?

• A variable that is kept constant

• A variable that influences both IV and DV

• A variable that is of primary interest

• A variable that is measured

Which of the following is a characteristic of a well-formulated hypothesis?

• It is based on personal opinion

• It does not require empirical testing

• It is testable and specific

• It is vague and broad

What is the role of mediator variables?

• To control for extraneous factors

• To explain the relationship between IV and DV

• To introduce bias

• To represent qualitative differences

What does SMART stand for in research objectives?

• Specific, Meaningful, Achievable, Realistic, Time-bound

• Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound

• Significant, Meaningful, Achievable, Relevant, Testable

• Simple, Manageable, Accurate, Realistic, Timely

What is an example of a categorical variable?

• Height

• Weight

• Temperature

• Blood type