What is the role of heat shock in the transformation process?

• To enlarge pores and allow plasmids to enter cells

• To purify proteins from broth cultures

• To discard the cell pellet

• To grow transformed cells on selection media

What is the definition of "competent" in the context of cell transformation?

• The ability of cells to take up DNA

• The process of protein purification

• The growth of cells on selection media

• The discarding of broth

What is the purpose of using selection media in the transformation process?

• To show that cells are producing new proteins

• To make cell membranes porous

• To discard the broth

• To purify proteins

What is the purpose of adding CaCl₂ to cells during the transformation process?

• To increase transformation efficiency

• To decrease transformation efficiency

• To induce cell death

• To prevent DNA replication

What is the role of the beta-galactosidase gene in transformed cells?

• It produces an enzyme that converts X-gal into a blue product

• It provides resistance to antibiotics

• It allows cells to grow in the presence of ampicillin

• It prevents the growth of non-transformed cells

What is the purpose of a recovery period after cell transformation?

• To allow cells to repair their membranes and express new genes

• To immediately test for antibiotic resistance

• To induce cell death in non-transformed cells

• To increase the temperature of the cells

What is a common method to determine if cells have been successfully transformed?

• Using a selection medium that kills non-transformed cells

• Measuring the size of the cells

• Counting the number of cells

• Observing the color change in the medium

Which gene is commonly used for selection due to its fluorescent properties?

• β-gal gene

• Plasmodium sp gene

• Green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene

• Anopheles sp gene

What is the purpose of the scale-up process in biotechnology?

• To decrease the size of the production tanks

• To introduce a gene into mosquitoes

• To produce large volumes of transformed cells

• To disrupt the β-gal enzyme

Tags

NGSS.HS-ETS1-2

List two techniques used to increase transformation efficiency.

• Heat shock and electroporation

• Centrifugation and filtration

• Distillation and evaporation

• Chromatography and spectrometry