Unit 3: Cell Biology Review

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

• To produce energy for the cell

• To control the movement of substances in and out of the cell

• To store genetic information

• To synthesize proteins

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?

• Mitochondria

• Ribosome

• Chloroplast

• Nucleus

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

Define osmosis.

• The movement of solutes from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration

• The movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration

• The movement of particles against a concentration gradient

• The process of cellular respiration

Explain how diffusion differs from osmosis.

• Diffusion involves the movement of water, while osmosis involves the movement of solutes.

• Diffusion requires energy, while osmosis does not.

• Diffusion involves the movement of solutes, while osmosis specifically involves the movement of water across a membrane.

• Diffusion occurs only in plant cells, while osmosis occurs in all cells.

Which statement is part of the cell theory?

• All cells have a nucleus.

• Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living organisms.

• Cells can only be seen with a microscope.

• All cells are capable of photosynthesis.

Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

• Both have a nucleus, but only eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

• Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do not.

• Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.

• Both have membrane-bound organelles, but only prokaryotic cells have a nucleus.

What is the role of the mitochondria in the cell?

• To synthesize proteins

• To produce energy in the form of ATP

• To store genetic information

• To control cell division

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Describe the process of active transport across the cell membrane.

• Movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy

• Movement of molecules from low to high concentration using energy

• Movement of water molecules through a membrane

• Movement of molecules through diffusion

How does the structure of the cell membrane facilitate its function?

• The rigid structure allows for protection and support.

• The lipid bilayer provides a flexible barrier that controls the entry and exit of substances.

• The presence of chlorophyll allows for photosynthesis.

• The thick wall prevents any substance from entering or leaving the cell.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Evaluate the impact of osmosis on plant cells when placed in a hypertonic solution.

• The plant cell will swell and burst.

• The plant cell will remain unchanged.

• The plant cell will lose water and become plasmolyzed.

• The plant cell will gain water and become turgid.