Intro to Hydration,Solubility Rules, Precipitates

What type of molecule is water?

• Non-polar molecule

• Ionic molecule

• Polar molecule

• Metallic molecule

What is the process shown in Figure 6.2?

• Water evaporating from a salt

• Water dissolving a salt

• Salt forming from water

• Water freezing into ice

What role does electronegativity play in the dissolution of NaCl in water?

• It causes water to freeze

• It attracts water molecules to NaCl

• It repels water molecules from NaCl

• It has no effect on dissolution

What happens to salts during the process of hydration?

• They form large crystals.

• They are broken up into individual cations and anions.

• They evaporate into gas.

• They turn into metals.

What does the symbol (aq) indicate in a chemical equation?

• The substance is a solid.

• The substance is a gas.

• The substance is hydrated.

• The substance is a liquid.

Which of the following best describes the interaction between water molecules and ions in a salt?

• Water molecules repel the ions.

• Water molecules completely surround the cations and anions.

• Water molecules form a solid barrier around the ions.

• Water molecules have no effect on the ions.

What is the chemical reaction for the hydration of ammonium nitrate?

• NH₄NO₃(s) → NH₄⁺(s) + NO₃⁻(s)

• NH₄NO₃(s) + H₂O(l) → NH₄⁺(aq) + NO₃⁻(aq)

• NH₄NO₃(s) → NH₄⁺(g) + NO₃⁻(g)

• NH₄NO₃(s) + H₂O(l) → NH₄⁺(l) + NO₃⁻(l)

What factors affect the solubility of ionic compounds?

• Temperature and pressure

• Attractions of ions to one another and to water molecules

• Size of the ions

• Color of the solution

What happens to ions when ionic solids dissolve in water?

• They evaporate

• They undergo hydration and are dispersed

• They form a precipitate

• They become gaseous

Which of the following non-ionic solids is soluble in water?

• Sand

• Sugar

• Plastic

• Rubber