Unit 4 terms review

small, highly maneuverable ship used by the

Portuguese and Spanish in the exploration

of the Atlantic; used for long voyages

at great speed from 15th - 17th

centuries; used for exploration, not trade

imperial dominance based on control of

trade rather than on control of subject

peoples; practiced by Europeans in the

Indian Ocean as they took over trade

from Arab and Muslim merchants

economic system where nations sought

to increase their wealth and power by obtaining

large amounts of gold/silver and

by exporting more goods than they imported;

colonies were crucial in the accumulation

of wealth; prevalent from 16th -

19th centuries.

absolute legal ownership of another person,

including the right to buy or sell that

person; often hereditary; the form of slavery

utilized in the Americas during the

transatlantic slave trade

economic system in Inca society where

Inca subjects paid "taxes" with their labor

and what they produced for a set period

of time each year; later exploited by the

Spanish as they forced Incas to mine

silver

grant of land made by Spain to a Spanish

settler in the Americas, including the right to use local indigenous peoples as

laborers on the farm

Spanish estates in the Americas that

were often plantations; they represent

the gradual removal of land from peasant

ownership and a type of feudalistic order

where the owners would have agreements

of loyalty but would retain control

over the actual land; continued into the

20th century.

originated in Cuba, a religion that blends

African traditions and Roman Catholic

beliefs/practices; evidence of the syncretism

created when European and

African beliefs merged in the Americas

Spanish-commissioned paintings that

showed the racial mixing of New World

families; illustrated the importance of European

ancestry in the social hierarchy of

Latin America

term used by Spanish authorities to describe

someone of mixed native American

and European descent