Substitution and Addition

Electrophilic Addition involves...

• The addition of a nucleophile to an alkane

• The addition of a electrophile to an alkane

• The addition of a electrophile to an alkene

• The subtraction of a nucleophile to an alkene

Which of the following is an electrophile?

• H₂

• Br₂

• H₂O

• They all are!

What reactants would make 1,2 - diflurobutane

• But-1-ene and Hydrogen fluoride

• But-1-ene and fluorine (F₂)

• But-2-ene and fluorine (F₂)

• Butane and fluorine (F₂)

What type of bonds are formed when the p orbitals of two carbon atoms overlap with each other?

• π bonds

• σ bonds

• Ionic bonds

• Hydrogen bonds

What is the bond angle in a planar arrangement of an alkene molecule?

• 90°

• 109.5°

• 120°

• 180°

Why are alkenes more reactive than alkanes?

• Due to the presence of a C-H bond

• Due to the presence of a C-C single bond

• Due to the presence of a C=C bond

• Due to the presence of a C-O bond

What happens to bromine water when it reacts with an unsaturated compound?

• It turns orange

• It decolourises

• It turns red

• It remains the same

Why is the alkene double bond, C=C, susceptible to attack by electrophiles?

• Because it is an area of high electron density

• Because it is an area of low electron density

• Because it is an area of high proton density

• Because it is an area of low proton density

What is electrophilic addition?

• The addition of an electrophile to an alkene double bond, C=C

• The addition of a nucleophile to an alkene double bond, C=C

• The addition of an electrophile to an alkane single bond, C-C

• The addition of a nucleophile to an alkane single bond, C-C

Why is a hydrogen halide molecule polar?

• Because the hydrogen and halogen atoms have different electronegativities

• Because the hydrogen and halogen atoms have the same electronegativity

• Because the hydrogen atom is larger than the halogen atom

• Because the halogen atom is larger than the hydrogen atom