Gilded Age Review US History

Overcrowding • High crime rate • Poor sanitation — In the early 1900s, these problems were most directly a result of:

• journalists' influence

• conservation programs

• westward migration

• rapid urbanization

Few restrictions were placed on immigration to the United States in the late 19th century primarily because immigrants:

• Would work for low wages

• Provided a rich source of investment capital

• Would add to the diversity of the population

• Faced little opposition from citizens

Rapid industrialization during the late 1800s contributed to

• a decline in the membership of Labor Unions

• a reduction in government regulation of railroads

• a rise in the number of family farms

• an increase in immigration to the United States

The United States government’s lack of government regulation during the late 19th century resulted in the

• commitment of aid to small American businesses

• decline in the number of factory jobs

• opposition of American businesses to immigration

• growth of trusts and monopolies

In the latter half of the 1800s, a large labor supply, an abundance of natural resources, and the construction of new railroads contributed most directly to the

• growth of American industry

• dependence on imported goods

• demand for limits on immigration

• rejection of high taxes by the United States

Which of the following is NOT an effect of urbanization?

• There was an increase in agricultural jobs

• Tenement housing was built

• Water sanitation became a major issue

• Overcrowding of cities became a concern

Which of the following did NOT lead to the growth of industrialization?

• Cheap electric power and increased use of the lightbulb

• Resources like iron ore and new methods of making steel

• Improved transportation systems, like railroads and canals

• Government placed strict regulations on businesses

How did vertical integration benefit companies such as Carnegie Steel?

• Allowing labor unions to participate in decision making led to fewer strikes.

• Controlling production and distribution processes increased efficiencies and profits.

• Investing in the health and education of employees increased workforce motivation.

• Buying out other competing companies led to higher profits and less competition.

How did horizontal integration benefit companies such as Rockefeller’s Standard Oil?

• Allowing labor unions to participate in decision making led to fewer strikes.

• Controlling production and distribution processes increased efficiencies and profits.

• Investing in the health and education of employees increased workforce motivation.

• Buying out other competing companies led to higher profits and less competition.

How did some late nineteenth-century industrialists such as John D. Rockefeller control prices and manage competition?

• By involving workers in business decisions

• By forming trusts to secure the power of their business

• By involving labor union leaders in workplace decisions

• By creating new political parties and personally running for political offices