Evolution Quiz

____________________ The process of biological change in populations over time, resulting in descendants being genetically different from their ancestors. Charles Darwin developed the theory of natural selection to explain how evolution occurs.

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 'Evolution', which refers to the biological change in populations over time. Darwin's theory of natural selection explains the mechanisms behind this process, leading to genetic differences in descendants.

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____________________ A measure of how well an organism survives in its environment.

Answer explanation

Fitness is a measure of how well an organism survives and reproduces in its environment, making it the correct choice for the blank in the statement.

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____________________ The combined alleles of all individuals in a population.

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 'Gene Pool' as it refers to the combined alleles of all individuals in a population, representing the genetic diversity available for reproduction.

____________________________ (Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium): When a population's allele frequencies remain unchanged over time.

Answer explanation

The correct choice is 'Genetic equilibrium' as it defines the state where allele frequencies in a population remain constant over generations, aligning with the Hardy-Weinberg principle.

______________________ Evolution on a large scale, affecting changes in species across populations.

Answer explanation

Macroevolution refers to large-scale evolutionary changes that occur over long periods, impacting species across different populations. This term fits the context of the question, highlighting significant evolutionary processes.

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______________________ Evolution on a small scale, affecting a single population. Mechanisms of microevolution include mutations, natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, and non-random mating.

Answer explanation

The correct answer is Microevolution, which refers to evolution on a small scale within a single population. It encompasses mechanisms like mutations, natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, and non-random mating.

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_________________________ Organisms with advantageous traits (adaptations) live longer and reproduce more, causing heritable trait-driven population changes over time. Natural selection serves as the mechanism for evolution.

Answer explanation

Natural Selection is the process where organisms with advantageous traits survive longer and reproduce more, leading to heritable changes in populations over time, thus serving as the mechanism for evolution.

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_______________________________ Organisms with beneficial adaptations will become more prevalent as they tend to live longer and reproduce more.

Answer explanation

The phrase 'Survival of the Fittest' describes how organisms with beneficial adaptations are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to their increased prevalence in a population.

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