Thermal Energy and Heat Transfer

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What is thermal energy?

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Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of the particles in a substance, which is related to its temperature.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

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What is heat transfer?

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Heat transfer is the movement of thermal energy from one object or substance to another due to a temperature difference.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

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What are the three methods of heat transfer?

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The three methods of heat transfer are conduction, convection, and radiation.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-3

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Define conduction.

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Conduction is the process of heat transfer through direct contact between materials.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

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Define convection.

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Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases) caused by differences in temperature and density.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

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Define radiation.

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Radiation is the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as infrared radiation.

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NGSS.MS-PS4-2

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What is kinetic energy?

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Kinetic energy is the energy of an object due to its motion.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

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What is potential energy?

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Potential energy is the stored energy in an object due to its position or state.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

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How does energy move between objects?

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Energy moves from one object to another through heat transfer, which occurs when there is a temperature difference.

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

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What is an example of conduction in everyday life?

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An example of conduction is touching a hot stove and feeling the heat transfer to your hand.