Transcription and Translation

Front

What are the two main steps of protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription and translation.

Front

Which base pairs with adenine in RNA?

Back

Uracil.

Front

What is a key difference between RNA and DNA?

Back

RNA contains uracil, while DNA contains thymine.

Front

What is the process of copying DNA into RNA called?

Back

Transcription.

Front

How many amino acids are coded for by the nucleotide sequence ATG GGA ACT?

Back

3 amino acids.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in translation?

Back

tRNA transports amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the codons on the mRNA.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon AUG?

Back

AUG is the start codon that signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid methionine.

Front

What happens during the elongation phase of translation?

Back

During elongation, amino acids are added one by one to the growing polypeptide chain.