Cardio Quiz 1

Which of the following statements regarding one-rescuer CPR is correct?

• You should assess the patient for a pulse after 3 cycles of CPR.

• A compression to ventilation ratio of 15:2 should be delivered.

• Ventilations should be delivered over a period of 2 to 3 seconds.

• The chest should be allowed to fully recoil after each compression.

A middle-aged woman with a history of hypertension and high cholesterol complains of chest discomfort. She asks you to take her to the hospital where her personal physician practices, which is 15 miles away. Her blood pressure is 130/70 mm Hg, pulse is 84 beats/min and regular, and respirations are 18 breaths/min and unlabored. Which of the following actions is clearly NOT appropriate for this patient?

• Giving oxygen via nasal cannula

• Taking her to her choice hospital

• Contacting her physician via phone

• Allowing her to walk to the ambulance

In patients with heart disease, acute coronary syndrome is MOST often the result of:

• atrial damage.

• atherosclerosis.

• coronary artery spasm.

• coronary artery rupture.

Which of the following clinical presentations is MOST consistent with right heart failure?

• Tachycardia, poor skin turgor, and hypotension

• Orthopnea, crackles in the lungs, and tachycardia

• Peripheral edema and jugular venous distention

• Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and hypertension

When treating a patient with chest pain, pressure, or discomfort, you should FIRST:

• administer supplemental oxygen.

• place the patient in a position of comfort.

• request an ALS ambulance response to the scene.

• assess the blood pressure and give nitroglycerin.

You should suspect that your patient has pulmonary edema if he or she:

• has swollen feet and ankles.

• cannot breathe while lying down.

• is hypertensive and tachycardic.

• has a dry, nonproductive cough

A 72-year-old woman reports dyspnea that woke her from her sleep. Her feet and ankles are swollen, and auscultation of her lungs reveals crackles to both lung bases. She has a history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and a heart attack 2 years ago. Her BP is 170/94 mm Hg, her pulse is 110 beats/min and irregular, her respirations are 24 breaths/min and labored, and her oxygen saturation is 85% on room air. What should you suspect?

• Acute asthma attack

• Congestive heart failure

• Acute hypertensive crisis

• Emphysema exacerbation

Your assessment of a middle-aged woman with chest pressure reveals that she is confused, is diaphoretic, and has a blood pressure of 70/50 mm Hg. In caring for this patient, it is MOST important for you to:

• request an ALS unit to respond to the scene.

• assist her with her nitroglycerin if she has any.

• reassess her vital signs at least every 5 minutes.

• prepare for immediate transport to the hospital.

A 50-year-old man presents with crushing chest pain that suddenly began about 30 minutes ago. He is diaphoretic and anxious. The EMT should:

• obtain baseline vital signs.

• apply supplemental oxygen.

• administer chewable aspirin.

• perform a complete physical exam.

After administering nitroglycerin to a patient with chest discomfort, it is MOST important for you to:

• ask the patient if the discomfort has improved.

• find out how long the discomfort has been present.

• position the patient supine and transport immediately.

• reassess the patient's blood pressure within 5 minutes.