Middle Ages

Government in the barbarian kingdoms was characterized by

• family ties and personal loyalty to one's lord

• clearly marked political boundaries

• written trials and laws before learned judges

• a civil service copied from that of Rome

The Treaty of Verdun was important because it

• divided Charlemagne's empire among his grandsons

• established long lasting peace between the Lombards and the Pope

• marked Charlemagne's conquest of the Saxons

• ended the Viking raids of France

The Vikings excelled in the technology of

• farming

• smelting iron

• ship design

• building

The feudal system was based on the control of

• cattle

• crops

• land

• the Church

the basic social and economic unit during feudal times was the

• castle

• vassal

• parish

• manor

one way that life in the early middle ages changed from previous times was the movement of people from __________ to ____________

• manors to cities

• Rome to France

• Cities to rural areas

• fiefs t manors

Pope who greatly expanded papal power around the year 600 was named

• Gregory

• Charlemagne

• Pepin the Short

• Alcuin

the strongest civilizing force in the middle ages was the

• Catholic Church

• Byzantine Empire

• French King

• manor

After the fall of the Roman Empire, Europe was divided into

• religious regions

• economic zones

• huge monasteries

• small kingdoms

pope who called for citizens of Europe to fight in the Holy war against the Muslims in Jerusalem

• Gregory VII

• Urban II

• Peter I

• Pepin the Short