Exploring Carbon and Its Compounds

What are the three main allotropes of carbon?

• diamond, graphite, fullerenes

• graphene

• carbon nanotubes

• coal

Define allotropy in the context of carbon.

• Allotropy is the ability of carbon to dissolve in water.

• Allotropy is the process of carbon being converted into energy.

• Allotropy is the ability of carbon to exist in different structural forms, such as diamond and graphite.

• Allotropy refers to the chemical bonding of carbon atoms.

How are carbon compounds classified?

• Carbon compounds are classified into organic and inorganic compounds.

• Carbon compounds are classified into solid and liquid forms.

• Carbon compounds are classified by their molecular weight.

• Carbon compounds are classified based on their color.

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons?

• Saturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds; unsaturated hydrocarbons have double or triple bonds.

• Saturated hydrocarbons contain only double bonds; unsaturated hydrocarbons contain only single bonds.

• Saturated hydrocarbons have a higher boiling point than unsaturated hydrocarbons.

• Saturated hydrocarbons are liquid at room temperature; unsaturated hydrocarbons are solid.

Write the general formula for alkanes.

• CnH2n+2

• CnH2n-2

• CnH2n

• C2nH2n+1

What is the reaction of alkenes with hydrogen called?

• Oxidation

• Hydrolysis

• Hydrogenation

• Dehydrogenation

Name a common functional group found in alcohols.

• hydroxyl group

• amino group

• ester group

• carbonyl group

What is the functional group of carboxylic acids?

• -CO

• -OH

• -CHO

• -COOH

Describe the physical properties of ethanol.

• Ethanol is a green, solid substance with a boiling point of 100 °C.

• Ethanol is a colorless, volatile liquid with a boiling point of 78.37 °C, melting point of -114.1 °C, density of 0.789 g/cm³, and is soluble in water.

• Ethanol is a yellow, non-volatile gas with a melting point of 0 °C.

• Ethanol has a density of 1.2 g/cm³ and is insoluble in water.

What are the chemical properties of ethanol?

• Ethanol is a polar solvent, can undergo combustion, reacts with acids to form esters, participates in dehydration reactions, and acts as a weak acid.

• Ethanol cannot undergo combustion.

• Ethanol is a non-polar solvent.

• Ethanol is a strong base.