1.3.2 Standards, Common Protocols & Layers

Which of the following protocols is used to securely transfer data over the web?

• HTTP

• FTP

• HTTPS

• HTML

Answer explanation

HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure) is the secure version of HTTP, using encryption to protect data during transfer over the web. Unlike HTTP, it ensures confidentiality and integrity, making it the correct choice for secure data transfer.

Fill in the blank: FTP stands for ______.

• File Transfer Protocol

• Fast Transfer Protocol

• File Transmission Protocol

• File Transport Protocol

Answer explanation

FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol, which is the standard network protocol used for transferring files between a client and a server on a computer network. The other options are incorrect.

What does HTML stand for?

• Hypertext Markup Language

• Hyperlink Markup Language

• Hypertext Markdown Language

• Hyperlink Markdown Language

Answer explanation

HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language, which is the standard language for creating web pages. The other options incorrectly use 'Hyperlink' or 'Markdown', which are not part of the correct definition.

What is the purpose of breaking down data into packets?

• To increase data size

• To find the quickest route to the destination

• To make data unreadable

• To slow down the transmission.

Answer explanation

Breaking down data into packets allows for efficient routing through networks. Each packet can take the quickest route to the destination, optimizing transmission speed and reducing congestion.

Fill in the blank: Each computer on a network must have a _______ address to ensure data knows where it is being sent.

• MAC

• Network

• IP

• Email

Answer explanation

Each computer on a network requires an IP address to identify its location for data transmission. While MAC addresses are used for local network identification, IP addresses are essential for routing data across the internet.

Which layer of the TCP/IP model ensures data is produced in a form acceptable to the application that will use it?

• Layer 1 - Link

• Layer 2 - Network

• Layer 3 - Transport

• Layer 4 - Application

Answer explanation

Layer 4 - Application is responsible for ensuring that data is formatted correctly for the application that will use it, making it the correct choice for this question.

Layer 2 of the TCP/IP model is concerned with transmitting data across different networks. It identifies the destination and establishes the path the data will take between nodes. It uses ___ protocols.

• TCP

• IP

• IMAP

• HTML

Answer explanation

Layer 2 of the TCP/IP model, also known as the Internet layer, uses IP (Internet Protocol) to identify destinations and establish paths for data transmission across networks. TCP, IMAP, and HTML serve different purposes.

Which layer of the four-layer model is responsible for providing access to email, files, and websites across an IP network?

• Application Layer

• Transport Layer

• Network Layer

• Network/Data Link Access Layer

Answer explanation

The Application Layer is responsible for providing access to network services like email, file transfers, and web browsing. It enables user applications to communicate over the IP network, making it the correct choice.

In the four-layer model, the TCP protocol resides in the ______ layer.

• A) Application Layer

• B) Transport Layer

• C) Network Layer

• D) Network/Data Link Access Layer

Answer explanation

The TCP protocol is responsible for reliable data transmission and operates in the Transport Layer of the four-layer model, making option B the correct choice.

Which layer in the layer model is responsible for providing access to email, files, and websites across an IP network?

• Transport Layer

• Application Layer

• Network Layer

• Data Link Layer

Answer explanation

The Application Layer is responsible for providing access to email, files, and websites. It enables user-level applications to communicate over the network, making it the correct choice for this question.