Genetics and Molecular Biology Quiz

In Texas Longhorn cattle, coat coloration is an inherited trait. What is the genetic basis of coat-color variation in Texas Longhorn cattle?

• Differences in the nucleotide sequences of genes

• Differences in the numbers of chromosomes in cells

• Differences in the diets of individual cattle

• Differences in the environmental conditions of different geographical areas

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

A DNA strand has a sequence of ATCGCG. ​ What is the complimentary base sequence to this first example.

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Students are modeling mRNA during the process of protein synthesis. Which answer choice correctly describes the model of the mRNA strand being transcribed?

• The mRNA strand is complementary to the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of adenine is paired with thymine.

• The mRNA strand is complementary to the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of thymine is paired with adenine.

• The mRNA strand is an exact copy of the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of adenine is paired with thymine.

• The mRNA strand is an exact copy of the DNA template strand; however, uracil instead of thymine is paired with adenine.

A section of a nucleic acid is shown below. The process represented in the diagram produces a molecule that is complementary to the template strand of DNA. What type of molecule is produced?

• New DNA

• Polypeptide

• Messenger RNA

• Carbohydrate

Snowshoe hares can be found living in the Rocky Mountains of New Mexico. During the summer months, when there is no snow on the ground, the snowshoe hare's coat color is typically brown. During the winter months, when the mountains are covered in snow, the snowshoe hare's coat is typically white. Which statement describes the genetic basis for the seasonal changes in coat color?

• The snow causes mutations in the genes that regulate coat color so that snowshoe hares are adapted to their environment during the winter months.

• The genes that control coat color are regulated by hormone signals that are altered by changes in environmental factors.

• Sunlight causes cancer cells to develop in the bodies of snowshoe hares, resulting in an apparent brown-colored coat as a result of hair loss.

• The genes that control coat color in snowshoe hares are deleted from the genome during the summer months.

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NGSS.HS-LS2-6

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

A karyotype can provide information about a person's genetic makeup. What area would indicate this karyotype belongs to a female? Select the correct answer.

• Area 23 with two X chromosomes.

• Area 23 with one X and one Y chromosome.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Which of the following are true about nucleic acids? Select TWO correct answers.

• Nucleic acids are made of nucleotides, which consist of a phosphate, a 5-carbon sugar, and a nitrogen base.

• Nucleic acids are made from repeating subunits called amino acids.

• Nucleic acids play a major role in the storage and expression of genetic information.

• Nucleic acids only include DNA.

• Nucleic acids provide us with a quick source of energy.

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Viewing this model of DNA, what type of bond is represented by the arrow? Complete the following statements by moving the answers to the correct boxes. Not all answers will be used.

• ionic bond
• carbon bond
• hydrogen bond
• covalent bond

Type the name of the area of the nucleotide which includes adenine, thymine, guanine, or cytosine.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Pictured below is the process of translation. What type of RNA is VAL and LYS attached to?

• mRNA

• rRNA

• nRNA

• tRNA