Osmosis & Cell Transport Review

What is the primary difference between diffusion and osmosis?

• Diffusion involves the movement of water, while osmosis involves the movement of solutes.

• Diffusion involves the movement of solutes, while osmosis involves the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane.

• Both diffusion and osmosis involve the movement of solutes across a semi-permeable membrane.

• Osmosis requires energy, while diffusion does not.

Which condition describes a solution where the concentration of solutes is higher outside the cell than inside?

• Isotonic

• Hypotonic

• Hypertonic

• Equitonic

What happens to a cell placed in a hypotonic solution?

• The cell shrinks as water moves out.

• The cell remains the same size as there is no net movement of water.

• The cell swells and may burst as water moves in.

• The cell becomes rigid due to increased solute concentration.

Which of the following is an example of passive transport?

• Sodium-potassium pump

• Endocytosis

• Facilitated diffusion

• Exocytosis

What is the main energy source for active transport processes like the sodium-potassium pump?

• Glucose

• ATP

• NADH

• GTP

Which process involves the engulfing of large particles by a cell?

• Pinocytosis

• Phagocytosis

• Receptor-mediated endocytosis

• Exocytosis

In which type of solution is there no net movement of water into or out of the cell?

• Hypertonic

• Hypotonic

• Isotonic

• Supersonic

Which of the following is a characteristic of active transport?

• Moves substances down their concentration gradient

• Does not require energy

• Moves substances against their concentration gradient

• Only occurs in plant cells

What is the role of receptor-mediated endocytosis?

• To expel waste materials from the cell

• To engulf large particles like bacteria

• To selectively take in specific molecules bound to receptors

• To transport water across the cell membrane

Which of the following processes is used by cells to release large molecules outside the cell?

• Endocytosis

• Exocytosis

• Osmosis

• Diffusion