Exploring Management Principles

What are the key characteristics of autocratic leadership?

• Flexible control and guidance

• Encouragement of team input

• Key characteristics of autocratic leadership include centralized decision-making, limited team input, strict control, and a focus on obedience.

• Collaborative decision-making

Describe the main idea behind Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs.

• Maslow's theory states that all needs are equally important.

• The main idea is that human needs are arranged in a hierarchy, where basic needs must be met before higher-level psychological needs can be pursued.

• The hierarchy suggests that social needs are the most critical.

• Human needs are unrelated and can be pursued simultaneously.

Who is known for the principles of scientific management?

• Thomas Edison

• Elon Musk

• Henry Ford

• Frederick Winslow Taylor

List the five functions of management according to Henry Fayol.

• Planning, Organizing, Motivating, Reporting, Controlling

• Planning, Directing, Staffing, Controlling, Evaluating

• Planning, Organizing, Leading, Evaluating, Reporting

• Planning, Organizing, Commanding, Coordinating, Controlling

What is the purpose of the controlling function in management?

• To ensure organizational goals are met by monitoring and adjusting performance.

• To create new organizational goals without monitoring performance.

• To focus solely on employee satisfaction without regard to organizational objectives.

• To eliminate the need for performance evaluations in management.

Explain Max Weber's concept of bureaucracy.

• Max Weber's concept of bureaucracy refers to a formal organizational structure characterized by hierarchical authority, a clear division of labor, and a set of rules and procedures aimed at achieving efficiency and rationality in administration.

• Bureaucracy is characterized by a lack of rules and a flat organizational structure.

• Max Weber believed bureaucracy should be avoided in all organizations.

• Bureaucracy is a system that promotes informal communication and flexibility.

What are the main differences between transformational and transactional leadership?

• Transformational leadership inspires and motivates; transactional leadership relies on rewards and punishments.

• Transformational leadership uses a top-down approach; transactional leadership is always democratic.

• Transformational leadership is based on strict rules; transactional leadership encourages creativity.

• Transformational leadership focuses solely on tasks; transactional leadership is about team building.

Identify and explain Herzberg's two-factor theory of motivation.

• Herzberg identified three categories of factors affecting motivation.

• Herzberg's theory focuses solely on financial incentives.

• Herzberg's two-factor theory of motivation identifies two categories of factors that influence job satisfaction: hygiene factors and motivators.

• The theory suggests that job satisfaction is only influenced by personal traits.

What are the four principles of scientific management?

• 1) Scientific study of tasks, 2) Scientific selection and training of workers, 3) Work according to scientific principles, 4) Equal division of work and responsibility.

• Maximizing worker hours

• Eliminating all management roles

• Focusing solely on employee satisfaction

How does Fayol's principle of unity of command apply in organizations?

• Fayol's principle of unity of command applies by ensuring that each employee reports to one supervisor, preventing confusion and conflicting instructions.

• Conflicting instructions are encouraged to foster creativity.

• Employees can report to multiple supervisors for better collaboration.

• Unity of command allows for flexible reporting structures.