15.4 Anxiety Disorders

What is the main difference between fear and anxiety?

• Fear involves apprehension about a potential threat, while anxiety involves an instantaneous reaction to an imminent threat.

• Fear is a response to a potential threat, while anxiety is a response to an imminent threat.

• Fear involves an instantaneous reaction to an imminent threat, while anxiety involves apprehension about a potential threat.

• Fear and anxiety are the same and have no differences.

Which of the following is NOT a specific phobia?

• Acrophobia

• Claustrophobia

• Aerophobia

• Agoraphobia

What is the estimated lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders in the U.S. population?

• 10%–15%

• 25%–30%

• 50%–55%

• 40%–45%

Which of the following is a common safety behavior in social anxiety disorder?

• Wearing bright clothes

• Exercising regularly

• Eating spicy foods

• Avoiding eye contact

What is a panic attack?

• A period of extreme fear or discomfort that develops gradually over hours.

• A period of extreme fear or discomfort that develops abruptly and reaches a peak within 10 minutes.

• A period of mild fear that lasts for several days.

• A period of extreme fear that only occurs during sleep.

Which brain region is associated with panic disorder?

• Locus coeruleus

• Amygdala

• Hippocampus

• Cerebellum

What is behavioral inhibition?

• A tendency to be overly aggressive in social situations.

• A tendency to be overly confident in new situations.

• A tendency to avoid all social interactions.

• A tendency to show fear and restraint in unfamiliar situations.

What is the heritability estimate for panic disorder?

• 43%

• 25%

• 60%

• 10%